Implementing Computer Technology In Secondary Schools

Implementing calculator engineering in coope setary indoctrinatesIn 1999 , The International association for the Evaluation of Educational action (IEA ) conducted a instruction on pedagogical gives of t sever altogether(a)yers and educatees of elementary and collateral instructs in 30 nations , and the grapheme of apply science the give tongue to go fors ( The Second teaching engineering science in Education line of course : Module 2 , n .d . It was crop out that as of 1999 , 12 of elementary school-age childs and 3 of those in intermediate and utility(prenominal) schools do non drive meshing assenting in their schools ( computing machine Technology in Schools , 1999 . more than than(prenominal) number would br tumesce be large lock in , if the period when the benefits of the achievement of calc ulating machine engineering in genteelness was implied , is taken into accountComputer applied science for the practice of pupils in schools started out as commemoratey reck unityr laboratories (Lynch , 2000 , which until now , is continuously evolving to becoming a male child of a bitch for study . That the integration of data processor engine room in schools is lull on process suggests that although its advantages catch been persistently advocated at that place be as well powerful sociocultural and developmental forces that oppose its emanation . check to Meredyth , et . al (1999 , the status quo in the sensory system of central point slows the efforts to integrate calculating machine engineering science in secondary schoolsAt rootage , the commonwealth who were a take a leakst the death penalty of figurer engineering in schools neck that this would issue in the replacement human instructors and making them non present-day(prenominal) (capital of V irginia , n .d As it incurs clear that the ! this would non necessarily become so , that is , thither would homethe likes ofly be an evolution of parting from plain instructor to facilitator , the problem with the effectuation now centers on the wish of physical resources (Richmond , n .d ) and the instructors lack of formulation (Lynch , 2000 . This implies that the habit of data processor applied science in the loveledge of secondary students per se is not , today the major good will in its occupation and the shoot for a clear definition of its role is officer to speed up decisions on whether there is in truthly a necessity for the addition or retention of the number of computer hardwargon in schools , or should there be in need of compulsory good training for instructors . According to Richmond (n .d , there atomic number 18 two major problems in the execution of instrument of computer applied science in course of instruction line (1 ) the finiss and purposes of implementation argon unclear (2 ) th e implementors do not fully take c ar the castrates required for the implementation of engine room in study . These problems essential be addressed first if success is necessityed . Although both atomic number 18 grand aspects of the implementation , this will focus in delineate the goal , purposes or role of computer engineering in student exploit at the secondary school take . To apprehend this critical role , it is real weighty to give up first the basics about round theories of encyclopaedism and its authoritative application to cultivation engineering scienceThe theory of Cognitive Constructivism states that cultivation receives with the savants bustling efforts to assimilation young discipline imposed any by the instructor or by self-discovey ( Theories of Learning , 2006 . This mean that learners essential be equal to(p) to relate what they learn to their assures or view the erudition itself to be able to fully understand it . iod in example of this is driving . In to learn to jam a! vehicle , one must not that know that vehicles are powered by gasoline , controlled apply a charge wheel , has a gas bike to move foregoing or backward and a smash pedal to boodle it unwrap . He or she has to begin driving to know and fully understand the signifi micklece of from each one theory he or she is made to know And this bring forth is really important if he or she is to make life-or-death decisions once he or she takes the road . Computer engineering science , when related to learning whitethorn be applied in a mistakable way , by providing a expressive style to simulate worldly concern to give the students a whole step of what whitethorn or may not happen as a result of their decisions . Such is the function of simulations : to in hushed in learners goals which are similar to reality and resultant fingerings that are similar to what may happen in real life beca handling of the as a result of the decisions imposed by the program . A muckle of si mulation programs make water now been developed for divergent purposes . Sim capital get outs the learner-gamer an experience of building a metropolis and a feel of becoming a Mayor . The learner-gamer is subconsciously taught of the importance of prep and how each decision might give a high-and-mighty effect (here , in the form of incr ministration in the city s revenue ) or negative (in the form of rallies and decrease in the city s revenue . Business simulations provide learners with vicarious experience of in truth owning and handling investments without the need of development or losing real money . Design programs provide the learner- figureer with an idea or berth of the possible perspectives or outcome of each design in mind and an opportunity to manipulate or change it tally to his or her desires even before actual actualization of the design on that point are too simulations in many diverse subjects like biology physics and chemistry , which goat provide the learner with the opportunity to visualize the th! eories and manipulate situations and then see the results as would happen if the theories are applied . Simulations start out been use for ecstasys by the aura and military industry and just until recently , the cost of simulations lose prevented smaller asylums to avail its benefits (Boehle , n .d . Although , lock up not tatty , mass production , added to the express drastic forward motion in learning retention rates (Boehle , n .d , simulations provide a very cost- legal tool for learning . There is a 75-80 boost in learning retention rate for students in simulations (Boehle , n .dSocial Constructivism believes that knowledge is socially constructed that is , retention of data is achieved by group efforts ( Theories of Learning , 2006 This is learning with opposites and through opposites comment and ideas connect with one s own . This theory emphasizes the importance of other s picture unremarkably for the purpose of the improvement of the said release . uti lise to computer technology in its role in secondary direction , this allows for interaction among many different plurality , not limited to those in schoolroom nevertheless also stretches to people in different meter zones . This allows for assimilation of new and vary ideas from different people from different places who usually stool different ideas about different issues , strengthening ones reasoning and meliorate one s knowledge about many different areas and at the kindred time improving one s social attainment . The most(prenominal) usual form of technology which applies the Social Constructivism theory is forums . A lot of forums can be found in the net income , all areas of knowledge with its own : arts , sciences , mathematics , and philosophyThe supposal of Behaviorism believes that knowledge is a repertoire of behavioral responses to environmental stimuli ( Theories of Learning 2006 According to this theory , learning happens through ingeminate and re inforcement , usually with the instructor speaking an! d the learner audition . This learning theory is opposite of Cognitive Constructivism in that learners view knowledge passively . This is the most common type of focusingal path use in schools . Still , this instructional mode can also be applied to computer technology . Tutorials in cd s are now widely open in the market . These products simulate what and how teachers teach in an actual variance , explaining concepts with voice recordings combined with moving pictures for visualization . It also comes with practice exercises much like what teachers would give to their students to evaluate the student s learning . The alone difference is that , these products can be used by the student alone , even at homeIt is said that students adjudge only 5 to 20 percent of what they see read or see and hear in lectures , s and audiovisual presentations (Boehle , n .d ) and the application of computer technology in schooling provides a means for the use of the most souls which des patchs to a great extent learning . And given this fact and the theories of learning and how it can be applied to educating students , it is quite easy to rank that computer technology provides only benefits and must at one time be applied to all education institutions to facilitate the learning of the students . This is supported by some inquiry findings on technology s impact on education . According to one article ( natural elevation aider act with Technology , 2006 , technology can help by empowering the students to attain their skills and use their imaginations . Again this is because with technology , students are able to use more than than of their senses compared to the typical classroom session where they usually , are only made to listen to what their instructor have to say . According to Richmond (n .d , the acceptance of technology as a mode of instruction lies on its force to facilitate learning in a multifaceted approach with the use of multimedia formats w hich are faster and are more efficient in terms of k! nowledge spaceBialo and Sivin-Kachala (1995 , said that there is still no proof that technology genuinely makes students soften achievers but still , also according to them , students who use technology for education have a more affirmatory outlook on education and have come apart self- wonder . These students who gain entrance fee to technology gain improved motivation towards schoolhouse (Pirofski , 2002 . Computer technology when applied to education can boost a student motivation and self-esteem because computers could never imply sagacity on one s ability and can become very longanimous to a student s limitations . This is unlike instructors who can sometimes unconsciously intimidate the students and thus limit their motivation and willingness to learnThe forward divide showed that technology in education is a positive amour in a way by boosting the students self esteem and motivation . further one refresh ( gentility scholarly person exploit with Technology , n .d ) utter that there is actually more to this than boosting the students ego . According to this review , this boost in the students ego makes the students who have access to technology , want to croak more time perusing compared to those in traditional resources . At the same time , this willingness to spend more time studying increases the speed in which students learn . This is because unneurotic with motivation comes more interest and thus better understandingRockman , et . al (1997 ) disagrees with Bialo and Sivin Kachala (1995 ) in that technology actually helps the student become better achievers in school . According to this study , students who used computers at home or in school become better compared to those who do not . Asked why they think they got better results compared to others , the students who used computers attributed their achievement to the ease in transcribing ideas as well as editing when using computersEach student learns in a different way than th e others . Technology provides a means for instructor! s to shape their syllabus launchd on the needs of their students . Individualization of curriculum is an effective way if the achievement of each student s potential is targeted ( The beat of Technology on Student Achievement , 2002 .

Because computers support the individualisation of students , it also reduces the hale brought about by competition in the traditional classroom . As a result students who have access to computer technology in school move to like their classmates more compared to those who do not have access to computer technology in school (Coley , 1997Other benefits attributed to computer technology include , decreased dropout rates , increased independence and sense of responsibility among students ( The Impact of Technology on Student Achievement , 2002However , there is an competition that the improvement attributed by many explorees to the base of computer technology in education cannot be a result of this introduction alone (Richmond , n .d Coley 1997 . According to this , other factors that were not mensural either because it was not considered in the study or it plain cannot be measured might have contributed to the improvement in the students achievement . They were implying the possibility that the quality of the instructional design and not the implementation of computer technology itself may be amenable for the advantages attributed to the improvement in the students performance (Coley , 1997Computer technology , when applied to education is not all about the advantages . after(prenominal) all , there are reasons why the application of computer technology in education has not been realized immediately after its trace in the 80 sAccording to Richmond (n .d , the nonmandatory! add-on constitution of the efforts to make significant improvements in the mode of instruction is in itself , a hindrance to the attainment of these changes . Teachers would not automatically encounter computer technology as an instructional mode because to be able to do that , they must be equipped with the technical skills . The effectiveness of use of computer technology is very much dependent on the teacher s creative thinking and his or her ability to manipulate it . Unfortunately , not a lot of teachers are trained to manipulate and assimilate the said technology as one of their instructional modes . Not a lot of them would have ample time for the needed practice to acquire these infallible skills . Another hindrance promoted by advocates against the implementation of computer technology in education is its cost . The be of technology may be cheaper today compared last decade but considering a per-student ratio , it would still be very high . The call into question here is if the advantages would remunerate for the costs of technology and if such advantages could really not be met by the traditional mode of instruction (Richmond , n .dGiven the direction all industries are moving , one can say that technology is very important in the evolution of educational policies But clearly , it is not the only solution to whatever blockage the education institution may be having . It is not the only means for the education institution to evolve . Rather , it and several(prenominal) other factors such as the instructional design , the teacher as well as the students are all part of the solution to enhance the learning of students and teachers alikeEfforts in improving the standards in education should not stop on the purchase of hardware but also on the improvement of instructional designs and consideration of the present skills of instructors Continuous training of teachers is necessary to allow for the procession of education . And teachers , for a more effective teaching must learn how to match the instr! uctional design to the needs of students to ensure that the students as well as the teachers will profit from each activity (Richmond , n .d .ReferencesBialo , E . R , Sivin-Kachala , J (1995 . comprehend on the effectiveness of technology in schools 95- 96 . Washington , D .C : Software Publishers AssnBoehle , S (n .d ) Simulations : The adjacent Generation of E-learning Training clip .com . Retrieved 19 July , 2006 from hypertext transfer protocol / web .trainingmag .com /training /searcharticle_display .jsp ?vnu_content_idColey , R (1997 . Technology s Impact . Electronic School . Retrieved 19 July 2006 from http / entanglement .electronic-school .com /0997f3 .html Computer Technology in Schools (1999 . The Daily . Retrieved 19 July 2006 from http / entanglement .statcan .ca /Daily / English /991012 /d991012a .htmLynch , J (2000 ) Teacher access to computer-based information and communication technology : Resources are not the whole react (1 Education-line database . Retriev ed 19 July , 2006 from http /www .leeds .ac .uk /educol /documents .htmMeredyth , D , Russell , N , Blackwood , L , doubting Thomas , J Wise ,(1999 Real time : Computers , change and schooling -- National sample study of the information technology skills of Australian school students Canberra , Australian uppercase Territory : section of Education Training and Youth AffairsPirofski , K (2002 . Are each(prenominal) Schools Equally Wired ? An Overview of the Digital Divide in unsubdivided and Secondary Schools in the United States The Journal of Literacy and Technology . Retrieved 19 July 2006 from http /www .literacyandtechnology .orgv2n1 /pirofski .htmlRichmond , R (n .d . Integration of Technology in the Classroom : An Instructional Perspective Retrieved 19 July , 2006 from http /www .ssta .sk .ca /research /technology /97-02 .htm The Impact of Technology on Student Achievement (April , 2002 Retrieved 19 July , 2006 from http /www .apple .com /education /research /pdf /EduResea rchFSv2 .pdf The Second Information Technology in Edu! cation Study : Module 2 . n .d Retrieved19 July 2006 from http /sitesm2 .org Theories of Learning (n .d ) ammonia alum Student teacher Teaching Resource Center . Retrieved 19 July 2006 from http /gsi .berkeley .edu /resources /learning Raising student achievement with technology (n .d . Retrieved 19 July , 2006 from http /www .apple .com /education /researchRockman et al (June , 1997 . The laptop computer Program Research . Retrieved 19 July , 2006 from http /rockman .com /projects /laptopPAGEPAGE 1 ...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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